Founded in 1536, the Chapel of Saint-Julien des Enfants Rouges (Saint-Julien of the Red Children) was part of the Hospital of the same name, created between 1533 and 1536 by King François 1er and his sister, Marguerite de Navarre. Intended for orphans, the origin of its name comes from the residents who wore red cloth clothes as a sign of charity.